Security Hardening of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces Against Adversarial Machine Learning Attacks

Next-generation communication networks, also known as NextG or 5G and beyond, are the future data transmission systems that aim to connect a large amount of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, systems, applications, and consumers at high-speed data transmission and low latency. Fortunately, NextG networks can achieve these goals with advanced telecommunication, computing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in the last decades and support a wide range of new applications. Among advanced technologies, AI has a significant and unique contribution to achieving these goals for beamforming, channel estimation, and Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) applications of 5G and beyond networks. However, the security threats and mitigation for AI-powered applications in NextG networks have not been investigated deeply in academia and industry due to being new and more complicated. This paper focuses on an AI-powered IRS implementation in NextG networks along with its vulnerability against adversarial machine learning attacks. This paper also proposes the defensive distillation mitigation method to defend and improve the robustness of the AI-powered IRS model, i.e., reduce the vulnerability. The results indicate that the defensive distillation mitigation method can significantly improve the robustness of AI-powered models and their performance under an adversarial attack.

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Tool Wear Monitoring Based on Transfer Learning and Improved Deep Residual Network

Considering the complex structure weight of the existing tool wear state monitoring model based on deep learning, prone to over-fitting and requiring a large amount of training data, a monitoring method based on Transfer Learning and Improved Deep Residual Network is proposed. First, the data is preprocessed, one-dimensional cutting force data are transformed into two-dimensional spectrum by wavelet transform. Then, the Improved Deep Residual Network is built and the residual module structure is optimized. The Dropout layer is introduced and the global average pooling technique is used instead of the fully connected layer. Finally, the Improved Deep Residual Network is used as the pre-training network model and the tool wear state monitoring model combined with the model-based Transfer Learning method is constructed. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed monitoring method is up to 99.74%. The presented network model has the advantages of simple structure, small number of parameters, good robustness and reliability. The ideal classification effect can be achieved with fewer iterations.

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