Feature-Centered First Order Structure Tensor Scale-Space in 2D and 3D

Published in IEEE Xplore: 08 January 2025
Authors: Pawel Tomasz Pieta, Anders Bjorholm Dahl, Jeppe Revall Frisvad, Siavash Arjomand Bigdeli, Anders Nymark Christensen
Fiber orientation analysis using baseline structure tensor and proposed structure tensor scale-space. The detected orientation of the fibers is represented through unique colors. Both methods produce generally correct results, but the proposed version provides sharper results in more complex areas and captures finer details in the central smaller fibers. All volumes are visualized with the background removed.

The structure tensor method is often used for 2D and 3D analysis of imaged structures, but its results are in many cases very dependent on the user’s choice of method parameters. We simplify this parameter choice in first order structure tensor scale-space by directly connecting the width of the derivative filter to the size of image features. By introducing a ring-filter step, we substitute the Gaussian integration/smoothing with a method that more accurately shifts the derivative filter response from feature edges to their center. We further demonstrate how extracted structural measures can be used to correct known inaccuracies in the scale map, resulting in a reliable representation of the feature sizes both in 2D and 3D. Compared to the traditional first order structure tensor, or previous structure tensor scale-space approaches, our solution is much more accurate and can serve as an out-of-the-box method for extracting a wide range of structural parameters with minimal user input.